Editor's Picks
Plant Focus
The Morton Arboretum’s Oak Conservation Efforts in Latin America
Audrey Denvir, Silvia Alvarez Clare, and Murphy Westwood
Published May 2019 in International Oaks No. 30: 317–324
Abstract
The mission of the Global Tree Conservation Program at The Morton Arboretum is to save trees from extinction through global collaborations. In order to achieve this goal, five strategies are implemented: (1) identifying and prioritizing threatened species, (2) protecting threatened trees in the wild (in-situ conservation), (3) strengthening the conservation value of living collections (ex-situ conservation), (4) catalyzing the global network of experts, and (5) building capacity and awareness to advance tree conservation. The integrated in-situ and ex-situ research and conservation of the endangered oak, Quercus brandegeei, is a good example of one of our projects that employs all five of these strategies.
Keywords
integrated conservation, ex-situ conservation, in-situ conservation, Mexican oaks, threatened species
References
Beech, E., M. Rivers, S. Oldfield, and P.P. Smith. 2017. GlobalTreeSearch: the first complete global database of tree species and country distributions. Journal of Sustainable Forestry 36(5): 454-489.
Bernatzky, A. 2012. Tree Ecology and Preservation (Vol. 2). Elsevier.
Brooks, T.M, R.A. Mittermeier, C.G. Mittermeier, G.A.B da Fonseca, A.B. Rylands, W.R. Konstant, P. Flick, J. Pilgrim, S. Oldfield, G. Magin, and C. Hilton-Tyalor. 2002. Habitat Loss and Extinction in the Hotspots of Biodiversity. Conservation Biology: The Journal of the Society for Conservation Biology 16(4): 909-923.
Carpenter, S.R., H.A. Mooney, J. Agard, D. Capistrano, R.S. Defries, S. Díaz, T. Dietz, A.K. Duraiappah, A. Oteng-Yeboah, H.M. Pereira, C. Perrings, W.V. Reid, J. Sarukhan, R.J. Scholes, and A. Whyte. 2009. Science for managing ecosystem services: Beyond the Millennium Ecosystem Assessment. PNAS 106(5): 1305–1312.
Cavender-Bares, J. 2016. Diversity, Distribution and Ecosystem Services of the North American Oaks. International Oaks 27: 37-48.
Costanza, R., R. d’Arge, R. de Groot, S. Farber, M. Grasso, B. Hannon, K. Limburg, S. Naeem, R.V. O’Neill, J. Paruelo, R.G. Raskin, P. Sutton, and M. van den Belt. 1997. The Value of the World’s Ecosystem Services and Natural Capital. Nature 387(6630): 253.
Crutzen, P.J. 2006. The Anthropocene. In Earth System Science in the Anthropocene, pp. 13–18. Berlin, Heidelberg.: Springer.
Dale, V.H., L.A. Joyce, S. McNulty, R.P. Nielson, M.P. Ayres, M.D. Flannigan, P.J. Hanson, L.C. Irland, A.E. Lugo, C.J. Peterson, D. Simberloff, F.J. Swanson, B.J. Stocks, and B.M. Wotton. 2001. Climate change and forest disturbances: climate change can affect forests by altering the frequency, intensity, duration, and timing of fire, drought, introduced species, insect and pathogen outbreaks, hurricanes, windstorms, ice storms, or landslides. AIBS Bulletin 51(9): 723-734.
Dawe, GFM. 2010. Street Trees and the Urban Environment. In The Routledge Handbook of Urban Ecology, pp. 448-473. Abingdon-on-Thames: Routledge.
De la Luz, J, and R Domínguez-Cadena. 1989. Flora of the Sierra de La Laguna, Baja California Sur, México. Madroño: 61–83.
Denvir, A. and M. Westwood. 2016. Quercus brandegeei. The IUCN Red List of Threatened Species 2016: e.T30726A2795363. http://dx.doi.org/10.2305/IUCN.UK.2016-3.RLTS.T30726A2795363.en. Downloaded on 26 December 2018.
Denvir, A., M. Westwood, A.J. Coombes, and A.L. Hipp. 2018. The Oaks of the Americas Conservation Network. International Oaks 29: 91-98.
Folke, C., S. Carpenter, B. Walker, M. Scheffer, T. Elmqvist, L. Gunderson, and C.S. Holling. 2004. Regime Shifts, Resilience, and Biodiversity in Ecosystem Management. Annu. Rev. Ecol. Evol. Syst. 35: 557-581.
Isbell, F., D. Craven, J. Connolly, M. Loreau, B. Schmid, C. Beierkuhnlein, T. Martijn Bezemer, C. Bonin, H. Bruelheide, E. de Luca, A. Ebeling, J.N. Griffin, Q. Guo, Y. Hautier, A. Hector, A. Jentsch, J. Kreyling, V. Lanta, P. Manning, S.T. Meyer, A.S. Mori, S. Naeem, P.A. Niklaus, H.W. Polley, P.B. Reich, C. Roscher, E.W. Seabloom, M.D. Smith, M.P. Thakur, D. Tilman, B.F. Tracy, W.H. van der Putten, J. van Ruijven, A. Weigelt, W.W. Weisser, B. Wilsey, and N. Eisenhauer. 2015. Biodiversity increases the resistance of ecosystem productivity to climate extremes. Nature 526(7574): 574-577.
Jerome, D. 2018. Quercus insignis. The IUCN Red List of Threatened Species 2018: e.T194177A2302931. http://dx.doi.org/10.2305/IUCN.UK.2018-1.RLTS.T194177A2302931.en. Downloaded on 11 January 2019.
Jerome, D., E. Beckman, L. Kenny, K. Wenzell, C. Kua, and M. Westwood. 2017. The Red List of US oaks.
Lewis, S.L., and M.A. Maslin. 2015. Defining the Anthropocene. Nature 519(7542): 171-80.
Mills, L.S., M.E. Soulé, and F. Doak. 1993. The Keystone-Species Concept in Ecology and Conservation. Bioscience 43(4): 219-24.
Newton, A., S. Oldfield, M. Rivers, J. Mark, G. Schatz, N. Tejedor Garavito, E. Cantarello, D. Golicher, L. Cayuela and L. Miles. 2015. Towards a Global Tree Assessment. Oryx 49 (3): 410-15.
Nowak, D., D.E. Crane, and J.C. Stevens. 2006. Air pollution removal by urban trees and shrubs in the United States. Urban Forestry & Urban Greening 4(3-4): 115-123.
Oldfield, S., C. Lusty, and A. MacKinven. 1998. The World List of Threatened Trees. http://agris.fao.org/agris-search/search.do?recordID=GB1997051409.
Tallamy, D. and K. Shropshire. 2009. Ranking Lepidopteran use of native versus introduced plants. Conservation Biology 23: 941-947